ENT UK collaborates to develop guidelines for the clinical management of non-fatal strangulation
06 February 2024
(Last updated: 19 Feb 2024 15:52)
Non-fatal strangulation poses significant health risks, including strokes, nerve damage, and psychological harm.
ENT UK has collaborated with the Institute for Addressing Strangulation (IFAS), major royal colleges and associated professional groups to develop comprehensive guidelines for the clinical management of non-fatal strangulation, aiming to provide victims with optimal care promptly and mitigate potential harm.
Professor Cath White OBE, Medical Director of IFAS said:
I am proud to share the Guidelines for the Clinical Management of Non-Fatal Strangulation in acute and emergency services. Collaborating with colleagues from major royal colleges and associated professional groups has been a privilege. We have worked collaboratively over many months, and I appreciate their time and contribution, as well as their clinical expertise. This guidance supports timely assessment and reduces the risk of further potential harm.
Overview of the Guidelines
Developed by an Intercollegiate Group, these guidelines respond to the increased understanding of the dangers and prevalence of non-fatal strangulation, particularly in the absence of existing UK guidelines. The four-week timescale for non-symptomatic patients balances current evidence regarding the risk of significant vascular injury, with its life-changing potential, with pragmatism. The guidelines aim to inform the investigation and management of adult and adolescent patients who have experienced non-fatal strangulation within a four-week period after the incident or are presenting beyond four weeks but are symptomatic. It is designed to assist organisations and professionals in delivering a timely response to victims, reduce harm and trauma as they seek support, and provide clinicians an opportunity to conduct appropriate assessments.
Key Points
- Non-fatal strangulation is common, especially in domestic and sexual abuse/rape cases and suicide attempts. The guidelines include a trauma-informed approach, ensuring safety and privacy during patient history-taking.
- Patients may be reluctant to disclose strangulation due to various reasons, including consensual activity or self-infliction.
- Despite potential serious consequences like carotid artery dissection, stroke, and acquired brain injury, 50% of victims may have no visible external injuries.
- Senior clinical decision-maker input is crucial for the management of non-fatal strangulation cases.
Next Steps
IFAS welcomes feedback on the guidelines via contact@ifas.org.uk. Future plans include complementary guidelines for non-fatal strangulation presenting in other settings and paediatric guidelines.
Check out the links below to learn more: